Vad innebär β-oxidation

β-oxidation av fettsyror. Fettsyror spjälkas upp i "småportioner" om acetyl-CoA för att kunna gå in i citronsyracykeln. Det s.k. β-kolet oxideras: β-oxidationens fem steg. Reaktion med HS-CoA. Reaktion med FAD. Väte elimineras. Dubbelbindning C α =C β bildas. FADH 2 → elektrontransportkedjan. H 2 O adderas till dubbelbindningen. 1 fatty acid oxidation 2 The rate-limiting step in peroxisomal β-oxidation is dependent on acyl-CoA oxidase 1 (ACOX1), a peroxisomal matrix protein, which catalyzes desaturation of acyl-CoAs to 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs. 3 citronsyracykeln 4 Figure 26.6.1 26.6. 1: Fatty Acid Oxidation. The fatty acyl-CoA formed in the final step becomes the substrate for the first step in the next round of β-oxidation. β-oxidation continues until two acetyl-CoA molecules are produced in the final step. The first step in the catabolism of fatty acids is the formation of an alkene in an oxidation. 5 Engineering the β-oxidation cycle as a metabolic platform for the synthesis of advanced fuels and chemicals (Fig. 1) requires the reverse operation of this pathway in the absence of its natural. 6 In plants, the peroxisome is the sole location of fatty acid β-oxidation. Peroxisomes house enzymes for three crucial β-oxidation pathways: fatty acid β-oxidation, jasmonic acid (JA) synthesis, and IBA conversion to IAA (Hu et al., 2012; Kao et al., 2018). Peroxisomes must actively import necessary enzymes and substrates required for these. 7 beta-oxidation steps 8 Beta-oxidation, även kallad fettsyracykeln, är. 9 Reaktion med HS-CoA. 10 b oxidation 11